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Arabic root

ح-ر-ب

Ha-Ra-Ba

2 words from this root family

About this root

Ha-Ra-Ba (ح-ر-ب) has 2 words in the Fahm dictionary: miḥrāb (prayer niche / sanctuary / chamber), ḥarb (war).

In the Quran, words built on this root occur 11 times in 11 verses, across 9 of the 114 suras. The first is in 2:279. The form مِحْرَابٌ (prayer niche / sanctuary / chamber) accounts for 4 of them.

Themes: Quranic, Abstract Concepts

Words from this root

WordMeaningTypeIn the QuranTaught in
مِحْرَابٌ
miḥrāb
prayer niche / sanctuary / chambernoun, B24×Advanced Quranic & Islamic Terminology
حَرْب
ḥarb
warnoun, B14×Ideas & Opinions

“In the Quran” counts every occurrence of that dictionary form, in any of its senses.

In the Quran

فَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلُوا۟ فَأْذَنُوا۟ بِحَرْبٍ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ ۖ وَإِن تُبْتُمْ فَلَكُمْ رُءُوسُ أَمْوَٰلِكُمْ لَا تَظْلِمُونَ وَلَا تُظْلَمُونَ

And if ye do not, then be warned of war (against you) from Allah and His messenger. And if ye repent, then ye have your principal (without interest). Wrong not, and ye shall not be wronged.

Quran 2:279
فَنَادَتْهُ ٱلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةُ وَهُوَ قَآئِمٌ يُصَلِّى فِى ٱلْمِحْرَابِ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكَ بِيَحْيَىٰ مُصَدِّقًۢا بِكَلِمَةٍ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَسَيِّدًا وَحَصُورًا وَنَبِيًّا مِّنَ ٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَ

And the angels called to him as he stood praying in the sanctuary: Allah giveth thee glad tidings of (a son whose name is) John, (who cometh) to confirm a word from Allah lordly, chaste, a prophet of the righteous.

Quran 3:39
يَعْمَلُونَ لَهُۥ مَا يَشَآءُ مِن مَّحَـٰرِيبَ وَتَمَـٰثِيلَ وَجِفَانٍ كَٱلْجَوَابِ وَقُدُورٍ رَّاسِيَـٰتٍ ۚ ٱعْمَلُوٓا۟ ءَالَ دَاوُۥدَ شُكْرًا ۚ وَقَلِيلٌ مِّنْ عِبَادِىَ ٱلشَّكُورُ

They made for him what he willed: synagogues and statues, basins like wells and boilers built into the ground. Give thanks, O House of David! Few of My bondmen are thankful.

Quran 34:13

Arabic text: Tanzil Quran Text (Uthmani 1.1), CC BY 3.0, tanzil.net. English: Marmaduke Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (1930), public domain, via Project Gutenberg. Counts and verse choice: Quranic Arabic Corpus morphology data (corpus.quran.com).

Word cards with examples

B2noun
مِحْرَابٌ
miḥrāb

prayer niche / sanctuary / chamber

Example
كُلَّمَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا زَكَرِيَّا الْمِحْرَابَ وَجَدَ عِنْدَهَا رِزْقًا
kullamā dakhala ʿalayhā Zakariyyā al-miḥrāba wajada ʿindahā rizqā
Every time Zakariyya entered upon her in the prayer chamber, he found provision with her (3:37)
Grammar

Masculine noun (mifʿāl pattern). Plural: مَحَارِيبُ (maḥārīb). In the Quran, refers to a private worship chamber. In mosques today, it is the niche indicating the direction of prayer.

Culture

The miḥrāb in every mosque indicates the qiblah (direction of Makkah). Maryam's miḥrāb was her place of solitary worship where angels brought her food.

B1noun
حَرْب
ḥarb

war

Example
الحَرْبُ تُدَمِّرُ كُلَّ شَيء.
al-ḥarbu tudammiru kulla shayʾ.
War destroys everything.

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