A2noun
تَنَفُّس
tanaffus
breathing / respiration
Example
أَجِدُ صُعوبة في التَنَفُّس.
ajidu ṣuʿūba fī at-tanaffus.
I have difficulty breathing.
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Arabic root
ن-ف-س
3 words from this root family
B2adjective
نَفْسِيّ
nafsiyy
psychological / mental
Example
يُعاني مِن اِضطِراباتٍ نَفسِيَّةٍ حادَّة.
yuʿānī min ḍṭirābātin nafsiyyatin ḥādda.
He suffers from severe psychological disorders.
A1noun
نَفْسٌ
nafs
soul / self
Example
يَا أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ ارْجِعِي إِلَى رَبِّكِ
yā ayyatuhā an-nafsu al-muṭmaʾinnatu irjiʿī ilā rabbik
O tranquil soul, return to your Lord (89:27-28)
Grammar
Feminine noun. Plural: أَنْفُسٌ (anfus) or نُفُوسٌ (nufūs). Can mean 'soul,' 'self,' or 'person.' Used reflexively: نَفْسَهُ (himself).
Culture
The Quran describes three states of the soul: the commanding soul (an-nafs al-ammārah), the self-reproaching soul (al-lawwāmah), and the tranquil soul (al-muṭmaʾinnah).