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Arabic root

س-ج-د

Sin-Jim-Dal

4 words from this root family

About this root

Sin-Jim-Dal (س-ج-د) has 4 words in the Fahm dictionary: sujūd (prostration), sajada (he prostrated / he bowed down), masjid (mosque / place of prostration), masjid (mosque).

In the Quran, words built on this root occur 92 times in 81 verses, across 32 of the 114 suras. The first is in 2:34. The form سَجَدَ (he prostrated / he bowed down) accounts for 35 of them.

Themes: Quranic, Travel, Places

Words from this root

WordMeaningTypeIn the QuranTaught in
سُجُودٌ
sujūd
prostrationnoun, B16×Advanced Quranic Vocabulary
سَجَدَ
sajada
he prostrated / he bowed downverb, A235×Quranic Verbs of Action
مَسْجِدٌ
masjid
mosque / place of prostrationnoun, A128×Character, Community, and Worship
مَسْجِد
masjid
mosquenoun, A228×Train & Bus Travel

“In the Quran” counts every occurrence of that dictionary form, in any of its senses.

In the Quran

وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةِ ٱسْجُدُوا۟ لِـَٔادَمَ فَسَجَدُوٓا۟ إِلَّآ إِبْلِيسَ أَبَىٰ وَٱسْتَكْبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ

And when We said unto the angels: Prostrate yourselves before Adam, they fell prostrate, all save Iblis. He demurred through pride, and so became a disbeliever.

Quran 2:34
وَمِنْ حَيْثُ خَرَجْتَ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ ٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ ۖ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَلْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ ۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ بِغَـٰفِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ

And whencesoever thou comest forth (for prayer, O Muhammad) turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship. Lo! it is the Truth from thy Lord. Allah is not unaware of what ye do.

Quran 2:149
وَإِذْ بَوَّأْنَا لِإِبْرَٰهِيمَ مَكَانَ ٱلْبَيْتِ أَن لَّا تُشْرِكْ بِى شَيْـًٔا وَطَهِّرْ بَيْتِىَ لِلطَّآئِفِينَ وَٱلْقَآئِمِينَ وَٱلرُّكَّعِ ٱلسُّجُودِ

And (remember) when We prepared for Abraham the place of the (holy) House, saying: Ascribe thou no thing as partner unto Me, and purify My House for those who make the round (thereof) and those who stand and those who bow and make prostration.

Quran 22:26

Arabic text: Tanzil Quran Text (Uthmani 1.1), CC BY 3.0, tanzil.net. English: Marmaduke Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (1930), public domain, via Project Gutenberg. Counts and verse choice: Quranic Arabic Corpus morphology data (corpus.quran.com).

Word cards with examples

B1noun
سُجُودٌ
sujūd

prostration

Example
فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَكُنْ مِنَ السَّاجِدِينَ
fa-sabbiḥ biḥamdi rabbika wa-kun mina as-sājidīn
So glorify the praises of your Lord and be of those who prostrate (15:98)
Grammar

Masculine verbal noun (maṣdar) of سَجَدَ (to prostrate). Related: سَاجِدٌ (one who prostrates), مَسْجِدٌ (mosque - place of prostration), سَجْدَةٌ (a single prostration).

Culture

Sujūd is the position of greatest closeness to God in Islamic prayer. The Prophet ﷺ said: 'The closest a servant is to his Lord is when he is in prostration.'

A2verb
سَجَدَ
sajada

he prostrated / he bowed down

Example
وَلِلَّهِ يَسْجُدُ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ
wa-lillāhi yasjudu man fī as-samāwāti wal-arḍ
And to Allah prostrates whatever is in the heavens and the earth (16:49)
Grammar

Form I verb. Noun: سُجُودٌ (prostration, q144). مَسْجِدٌ (mosque, place of prostration). Present: يَسْجُدُ. Imperative: اُسْجُدْ.

Culture

Prostration (sujūd) is the highest physical expression of submission to God. The entire universe prostrates to God in its own way.

A1noun
مَسْجِدٌ
masjid

mosque / place of prostration

Example
سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي أَسْرَى بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلًا مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ الْأَقْصَى
subḥāna alladhī asrā biʿabdihī laylan mina al-masjidi al-ḥarāmi ilā al-masjidi al-aqṣā
Exalted is He who took His Servant by night from the Sacred Mosque to the Farthest Mosque (17:1)
Grammar

Masculine noun (place noun, mafʿil pattern). From سَجَدَ (to prostrate). Plural: مَسَاجِدُ (masājid). Literally: 'place of prostration.'

Culture

The three holiest mosques in Islam: al-Masjid al-Ḥarām (Makkah), al-Masjid an-Nabawī (Madinah), and al-Masjid al-Aqṣā (Jerusalem).

A2noun
مَسْجِد
masjid

mosque

Example
نُصَلّي في المَسْجِد.
nuṣallī fī al-masjid.
We pray in the mosque.

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