contemplation / deep thinking / reflection
Form V maṣdar. Verb: تَفَكَّرَ (to think deeply/contemplate). The Quran repeatedly asks: أَفَلَا تَتَفَكَّرُونَ (will you not then reflect?).
Tafakkur is an act of worship in Islam. The Quran urges contemplation of nature, history, and one's own self as paths to knowing God.