he disbelieved / he denied
Form I verb. Past: كَفَرَ, Present: يَكْفُرُ. Related: كُفْرٌ (disbelief), كَافِرٌ (disbeliever, pl. كُفَّارٌ). Original meaning: 'to cover/conceal' (covering the truth).
This verse outlines the six articles of Islamic faith. Kufr literally means 'covering,' implying that disbelief covers or conceals the innate human recognition of God.