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Arabic root

ع-د-و

Ayn-Dal-Waw

3 words from this root family

About this root

Ayn-Dal-Waw (ع-د-و) has 3 words in the Fahm dictionary: ʿaduww (enemy / foe), ʿadwā (infection / contagion), muʿdin (contagious / infectious).

In the Quran, words built on this root occur 106 times in 92 verses, across 34 of the 114 suras. The first is in 2:36. The form عَدُوٌّ (enemy / foe) accounts for 50 of them.

Themes: Quranic, Science Medicine

Words from this root

WordMeaningTypeIn the QuranTaught in
عَدُوٌّ
ʿaduww
enemy / foenoun, A250×Faith, Monotheism, and Hypocrisy
عَدْوَى
ʿadwā
infection / contagionnoun, B2Chemistry & Physics
مُعْدٍ
muʿdin
contagious / infectiousadjective, B2Diseases & Epidemics

“In the Quran” counts every occurrence of that dictionary form, in any of its senses.

In the Quran

فَأَزَلَّهُمَا ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنُ عَنْهَا فَأَخْرَجَهُمَا مِمَّا كَانَا فِيهِ ۖ وَقُلْنَا ٱهْبِطُوا۟ بَعْضُكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّ ۖ وَلَكُمْ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ مُسْتَقَرٌّ وَمَتَـٰعٌ إِلَىٰ حِينٍ

But Satan caused them to deflect therefrom and expelled them from the (happy) state in which they were; and We said: Fall down, one of you a foe unto the other! There shall be for you on earth a habitation and provision for a time.

Quran 2:36
وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱعْتَدَوْا۟ مِنكُمْ فِى ٱلسَّبْتِ فَقُلْنَا لَهُمْ كُونُوا۟ قِرَدَةً خَـٰسِـِٔينَ

And ye know of those of you who broke the Sabbath, how We said unto them: Be ye apes, despised and hated!

Quran 2:65
إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمُ ٱلْمَيْتَةَ وَٱلدَّمَ وَلَحْمَ ٱلْخِنزِيرِ وَمَآ أُهِلَّ بِهِۦ لِغَيْرِ ٱللَّهِ ۖ فَمَنِ ٱضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ بَاغٍ وَلَا عَادٍ فَلَآ إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ

He hath forbidden you only carrion, and blood, and swineflesh, and that which hath been immolated to (the name of) any other than Allah. But he who is driven by necessity, neither craving nor transgressing, it is no sin for him. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

Quran 2:173

Arabic text: Tanzil Quran Text (Uthmani 1.1), CC BY 3.0, tanzil.net. English: Marmaduke Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (1930), public domain, via Project Gutenberg. Counts and verse choice: Quranic Arabic Corpus morphology data (corpus.quran.com).

Word cards with examples

A2noun
عَدُوٌّ
ʿaduww

enemy / foe

Example
إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ فَاتَّخِذُوهُ عَدُوًّا
inna ash-shayṭāna lakum ʿaduwwun fattakhidhūhu ʿaduwwā
Indeed, Satan is an enemy to you; so take him as an enemy (35:6)
Grammar

Masculine noun. Plural: أَعْدَاءٌ (aʿdāʾ). Can be used for singular and collective. Feminine: عَدُوَّةٌ. Related verb: عَادَى (to be hostile).

Culture

The Quran identifies Satan as humanity's greatest enemy and urges believers to treat him as such - through awareness and seeking refuge in God.

B2noun
عَدْوَى
ʿadwā

infection / contagion

Example
اِنتَقَلَتِ العَدوى بَينَ الطُّلّاب.
intaqalati l-ʿadwā bayna ṭ-ṭullāb.
The infection spread among the students.
B2adjective
مُعْدٍ
muʿdin

contagious / infectious

Example
هذا المَرَضُ مُعدٍ وَيَنتَشِرُ بِسُرعَة.
hādhā l-maraḍu muʿdin wa-yantashiru bi-surʿa.
This disease is contagious and spreads quickly.

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